Churramiten

Als Churramiten (auch Khorramiten, persisch خرمدینان chorramdinan, DMG ḫorram-dīnān, ‚[dem] guten Glauben [Zugehörige]‘, arabisch خُرَّميه churramiya, DMG ḫurramīya) wurden in islamischen Quellen die Mazdakiten und eine Reihe von iranischen, antiislamischen bzw. antiarabischen Sekten bezeichnet.^[1]^[2]^[3] Ein alternativer arabischer Name für diese Bewegung in Anlehnung an ihre rote Bekleidung war muḥammira (محمره ‚mit roten (Roben)‘; persisch سرخجامگان, DMG surḫ-ǧāmagān). Oft sind mit Churramiten die Anhänger einer Sekte gemeint, die in der Region Āzarbāydschān unter Babak Chorramdin im 9. Jahrhundert einen großen Aufstand gegen das Kalifat begannen.

↑ Arthur Goldschmidt, Lawrence Davidson, “A concise history of the Middle East”, Westview Press; Eighth Edition edition (July 21, 2005). Pg 81: “..a Persian named Babak whose rebellion lasted twenty years. These uprisings were inspired by Persia’s pre-Islamic religions, such as Zoroastrianism (the faith of Sassanid ruler) and a peasant movement called Mazdakism”
↑ Whittow (1996), The Making of Orthodox Byzantium, 600-1025. New studies in medieval history, London: Macmillan, pp. 195, 203 & 215 Azerbaijan was the scene of frequent anti-caliphal and anti-Arab revolts during the eighth and ninth centuries, and Byzantine sources talk of Persian warriors seeking refuge in the 830s from the caliph's armies by taking service under the Byzantine emperor Theophilos. [...] Azerbaijan had a Persian population and was a traditional centre of the Zoroastrian religion. [...] The Khurramites were a [...] Persian sect, influenced by Shiite doctrines, but with their roots in a pre-Islamic Persian religious movement.
↑ W. Madelung: Khurrammiya. In: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs (Hrsg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Zitat: "Khurrammiya or Khurramdiniyya refers in the Islamic sources to the religious movement founded by Mazdak in the late 5th century an A.D. and to various anti-Arab sects which developed out of it under the impact of certain extremist Shi'i doctorines."

[1] Arthur Goldschmidt, Lawrence Davidson, “A concise history of the Middle East”, Westview Press; Eighth Edition edition (July 21, 2005). Pg 81: “..a Persian named Babak whose rebellion lasted twenty years. These uprisings were inspired by Persia’s pre-Islamic religions, such as Zoroastrianism (the faith of Sassanid ruler) and a peasant movement called Mazdakism”

[2] Whittow (1996), The Making of Orthodox Byzantium, 600-1025. New studies in medieval history, London: Macmillan, pp. 195, 203 & 215 Azerbaijan was the scene of frequent anti-caliphal and anti-Arab revolts during the eighth and ninth centuries, and Byzantine sources talk of Persian warriors seeking refuge in the 830s from the caliph's armies by taking service under the Byzantine emperor Theophilos. [...] Azerbaijan had a Persian population and was a traditional centre of the Zoroastrian religion. [...] The Khurramites were a [...] Persian sect, influenced by Shiite doctrines, but with their roots in a pre-Islamic Persian religious movement.

[EIS-3] W. Madelung: Khurrammiya. In: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs (Hrsg.): Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Zitat: "Khurrammiya or Khurramdiniyya refers in the Islamic sources to the religious movement founded by Mazdak in the late 5th century an A.D. and to various anti-Arab sects which developed out of it under the impact of certain extremist Shi'i doctorines."

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